Relocating to South Africa - Immigration Information

Whilst many foreigners dream of relocating or movingIf a foreigner wishes to invest less than ZAR 2.5 million
to South Africa, many foreigners are actually taking ainto the book value of the business, a recommendation
chance and moving their families and lives to ourletter (waiver) is required by the Department of Home
beautiful country. As this process can often be difficultAffairs, these recommendation letters are issued by
and tedious, more so if you are not correctly informedthe Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) to waiver
prior to your immigration process, there are manythe capitalized requirement. These letters are also
aspects of relocating to South Africa that is requiredissued for specific industries, e.g. Tourism industry
to be thought through before the new adventure can(guest houses), information and communications
begin.technologies and others.
Many foreigners only realize the amount of mattersBusiness permits are issued usually for 24 months, but
that have to be sorted through and arranged oncecan be issued for up to 5 years, this is at the
they arrived in our stunning country. There is no needDepartment's discretion. Before the expiry of this
to stress, if all information is at least known beforepermit, the same can be extended.
arriving, this will save you many nights of worry andPermanent Residency can be applied for based on
many more days to enjoy our sunshine, beaches,the Business permit category, based on self-employed
mountains and beautiful flora and fauna with yourselfapplicants who invest more than ZAR 2.5 million into
or your family.the book value of the business. If a foreigner's
Transferring money, bank accounts, exchange control,investment is less than the prescribed amount, waiting
taxation and investments informationon the outcome of the waiver application is required to
- Transferring Money into South Africabe done before permanent residence can be applied
For a foreigner wanting to reside in South Africa, orfor.
even if a foreigner wants to invest in the country inFor foreigners wishing to operate a business in South
one way or another, an agent or consultancy isAfrica, the best option would be to seek advice from
always the best to approach for the finer detailsan established Immigration company to receive the
regarding best exchange rates when transferringcorrect advice and protocol to be established to avoid
money, investments, transferring of money and taxfuture problems if done personally.
implications.- Retired Permits
- Bank Accounts in South AfricaA South African retired permit is issued to a foreigner
Opening up of bank accounts is a simple process,who wishes to reside in South Africa for 6 months or
provided the correct documentation is supplied to thelonger, there are no age minimum or maximum
relevant consultant. If a foreigner wants to obtain arequirements for this permit category.
personal/individual bank account (while on a visitorsA foreigner wishing to retire in South Africa and obtain
visa), a "non-resident" account can be opened for thata retired permit must be able to prove the following
person. Whilst these accounts can have all thefinancials (a) ZAR 20,000 per person, per month for a
features of normal banking account, the "non-resident"maximum period of 48 months (four years) through
accounts are restrictive in as much as they cannotcash assets, capital (bank statements), pensions, actual
generally receive deposits in Rands. Once on arental income or investment interest income for a
temporary residence permits, these accounts aretemporary residency application or (b) ZAR 20,000 per
changed to "resident" accounts. It is best to speak to amonth - life-long guaranteed income through pensions,
Bank consultant to get the best possible service andactual rental income or investment interest income for
views.a permanent residence application.
The foreigner's closed corporation can obtain aIf a foreigner who would like to apply for permanent
business account, there would be no currencyresidence based on retired category and has not been
restrictions in terms of Rand deposits, as the closedmarried/in a permanent relationship for 5 years or
corporation is viewed as a legal identity in its own rightlonger, the above ZAR 20,000 per month, would be
and in the foreigner's case, is incorporated in Southper person, resulting in the foreigners submitting proof
Africa. To receive the best service and requiredof ZAR 20,000 per month, per person, each.
documentation, speak to a banking consultant or anThe retired person's temporary residence permit is
agency that can assist with this nature of services.issued for a period of 6 months to 48 months
- Exchange Control(maximum period); the period on the retired permit is
Upon transferring money to South a foreigner will bedependent on the financial income provided.
confronted with the exchange control regulations inIf a person would like to obtain a retired temporary
South Africa.residence permit, this retired permit only does not
South African Exchange Control Regulations are a setpermit the holder to work in South Africa. A work
of laws controlling the in and outflow of money inendorsement would be required in order for the
South Africa. An authorised dealer in every majorforeigner to conduct work. If a work endorsement is
South African bank are required to make sure onendorsed with the retired permit, this endorsement is
behalf of the Reserve Bank that incoming andspecific, therefore, not allowing the holder to work at
outgoing money complies with the regulations.any establishment, but for the company employing the
A foreigner can transfer an unlimited amount offoreigner at that time.
money into South Africa. As long as the foreignerNo holder of a temporary residence retired permit is
transfers the capital via a bank within South Africa, itable to operate a business or study in South Africa.
will get registered with the Reserve Bank.- Life-Partner / Spousal permits
There are limitations in place when it comes toAll foreigners require a permit to reside legally in South
transferring capital out of South Africa.Africa, whereby a spouse (husband or wife) or a
The rules and limitations for a foreigner depend on thelife-partner (permanent relationship) of a South African
status for exchange control purposes when thecitizen/permanent resident holder would need to apply
person arrives in South Africa. The Reserve Bankfor a spousal or a life-partner permit. A temporary
distinguishes between foreign nationals, temporaryresidence permit can be issued to a foreign spouse
residents, immigrants and South African citizens.life-partner who has been married/permanent
Since the status of people relocating to South Africarelationship to a South African for less than 5 years,
varies according to the kind of permit they receive,but in turn, permanent residence can only be applied
individual advice is necessary.for once the couple have been married/permanent
It should be noted that it is not correct that foreignersrelationship for 5 years or more and can prove this
relocating to South Africa cannot take any of thetime together.
money they brought into the country out again. ThereIt would be the more valuable option to apply for
are rules and regulations, but they do not permit thetemporary residence first (whether married/permanent
retransfer of capital introduced into South Africa.relationship for more or less than 5 years), as
- Taxationpermanent residence takes approximately 18 months
South Africa has a residence based tax system,(these timescales are not guaranteed), therefore the
which means that all tax residents are taxed on theirforeign spouse/life-partner would be legal to reside in
worldwide income, irrespective of where it wasSouth Africa, whether applying for permanent
earned.residence or not.
Even in case that a foreigner is not classified as a taxIt is very beneficial to obtain a South African spousal
resident in South Africa from the start, the foreigneror life-partner temporary residence permit, as
will have to pay tax on income generated from aforeigners who are holders of these permits are able
source within South Africa.to work, operate a business or study in South Africa
It is important that a person takes care to that he orwith the correct endorsement. This permit negates the
she is compliant with both Revenue Services, the oneneed for work permits and business permits to be
in South Africa and the one in his/her home country.applied for and all the vast number of documentation
South Africa has signed double tax agreement withthat is required. While these spousal or life-partner
many countries to avoid that a person pays tax forpermit endorsements require only a few additional
the same income in two countries at the same time.documents to enable the foreigner to work/operate a
A foreigner should seek expert advice to determinebusiness or study in South Africa.
from when they will be classified as a tax resident inIf a foreigner will be conducting work, operating a
South Africa and what consequences this status willbusiness or studying in South Africa, it is best to know
have on your tax situation.exactly what endorsement or company to work for,
- Investmentsbusiness plans or educational institution, as these
South Africa has always welcomed foreigners whoendorsements are specific. Therefore, the name of
invest in our country. For those foreigners who knowemployer/business or educational institution will be
only limited information on investment options, thismentioned on the permit, not allowing the foreigner
matter should be dealt with by an expert financialwork for another company, operating a different
controller or agency that can assist with this service.business or studying with a different institution, without
Investment in this country is on a large scale and manyre-applying (with a new application) for a new specific
foreigners, who immigrate to South Africa, do notendorsement on the spousal or life-partner permit.
receive the best service, exchange rates, etc -The length of the temporary residence permit is issued
therefore, causing losses, instead of financial gain. Withby the Department of Home Affairs at their discretion
a mixture of different opportunities and jurisdictions, itand is issued for a period between 1 - 3 years. The
can prove to be a multitude of choices and decision toSouth African spousal or life-partner permits can be
make.extended at the end of their validity, provided that the
Buying Property in South Africamarriage certificate or proof of relationship is submitted
There are many opportunities to buy a property inwith the extension application.
South Africa, for a holiday home or for indefinite- Relatives Permit
periods - there is an extensive market for those onWhile many foreigners who reside in South Africa do
the look out for the best possible properties that Southnot have direct family in the country, there are
Africa has to offer. Although the market is aimed atforeigners who do have family (direct - 1st and 2nd
the "Seller" and the 'Seller's" needs, there are thosekinship) residing permanently (obtained permanent
agents who are on the side of the buyer (foreigner).residence) or are South African citizens in the country,
These agents are the best to speak with concerningthese foreigners may apply for a relatives permit.
purchasing a property in South Africa, as they willFor temporary residency, the following lines of kinship
always ask the right questions, find the best possiblemay apply for temporary residency, parents, children,
prices, areas, etc for the foreigner and family.siblings. In order to apply for permanent residence, only
Prospective foreign buyers face a number of mattersparents and children are permitted to apply under this
that are unique to those purchasing property abroad,category.
some matters are: correct financing, exchange controlThe temporary residence permits are usually issued
matters, decreased knowledge of geographical areas,for a period of 1 - 3 years, these permits can be
difference in buying method from abroad. It is best forextended if necessary provided the documentation is
the foreigner to find an agent or South Africansupplied. Conducting work, operating a business or
company who can assist with these matters andstudying in South Africa is not permitted for the holders
others, through the entire process, as to not leave theof this permit.
foreigner with questions unanswered but, to enable the- Work permit
foreigner to enjoy their time in South Africa and seeIn order for a foreigner to work in South Africa, a work
their path leading to their new beginning growing.permit is required to be obtained from the Department
School and Employment in South Africaof Home Affairs. Obtaining a work permit can seem
With all families, foreign or South African, finding thedaunting and a complex process as foreigners often
right school and employment in the country, if needed,are informed by potential employers that they cannot
is two of the most important aspects of relocating toemploy them until a work permit is in place, this is not
another country.necessarily correct, as many immigration companies
In South Africa, there are many educational institutions,may contact the prospective employer and
whereby children of foreigners (after obtaining a studycommunicate the realities regarding work permit
permit for that school) spend most of the days. It ismatters.
always important to find a school that has many ofThere are four types of work permit categories for
the activities that the child enjoys, some schools focusforeigners wishing to conduct work in South Africa:
on sports activities and some schools focus on1. General Work permit - a foreigner wishing to apply
recreational activities, there are many schools whichfor a General Work permit is required to provide a
have a medium with both kinds of activities offered toconditional offer of employment from a South African
their students.based employer amongst other documentation (i.e.
South Africa offers many wonderful benefits to resideadvertisement, etc). This work permit is also required
in, with its increasingly first-world infrastructure and itsto include confirmation that the foreigner who is
growing influence in the international market, careerapplying for this permit possesses the necessary
aspirations can constantly be fulfilled. If a foreignerqualifications, certified and approved by the South
would like to work in South Africa, the necessary workAfrica Qualifications Authority (SAQA) and
permit would need to be obtained in order for theconfirmation of the relevant work experience.
foreigner to work legally in the country. It is best toThese permits are issued by the Department for a
speak with an immigration agency in order to find outperiod of 1 - 5 years. A person, who has been residing
what work permit would be best suited to thein South Africa on a General Work permit for 5 years
foreigner in question.or longer, may apply for permanent residency
Permits for residence in South Africathereafter.
In order for a foreigner to reside legally in the country,2. Quota Work permit - a foreigner who falls within a
irrespective of the visitor's visa obtained either at thecertain professional criteria in which skills are
border when entering the country, or before arrivalconsidered scarce within South Africa are able to
from the relevant Embassy, the foreigner would needapply for a Quota Work permit. No employer is
to reside in South Africa on a valid permit constantly inrequired for this permit to be applied for. This work
order to prevent fines incurring, deportation back to thepermit is also required to include confirmation that the
country of origin or imprisonment.foreigner who is applying for this permit possesses the
There are many different permits and these arenecessary qualifications, certified and approved by the
issued at the discretion of the Department of HomeSouth Africa Qualifications Authority (SAQA) and
Affairs to the foreigners who qualify for theseconfirmation that the applicant has at least 5 years of
appropriate permits.relevant working experience in the appropriate field.
- Visitor's Extension Permit (holiday/visit)These permits are also issued by the Department for
A visitors extension permit is issued to a foreigner onlya period of 3 - 5 years. If a foreigner enters the
once in succession (after initial issuance of visitors visacountry on a Quota work permit, the holder must
when arriving in South Africa), therefore, the maximumsubmit confirmation of having secured employment
stay that a foreigner can reside in South Africa on awithin a specific category within 90 days of arrival (i.e.
visitors permit/visa is 6 months (160 days), this isthe Quota Work List issued by the Department of
dependant on the country of origin's initial visitorsHome Affairs). After a foreigner receives a Quota
permit, as many countries issue the visitors visa underWork Permit, while in South Africa, this foreigner is
90 days, etc. Once the 6 months has come to an end,required to confirm employment in the specific
the foreigner would need to leave the country, or applycategory within 90 days of receiving the permit;
for a temporary residence permit (if the foreignerthereafter a General Work permit is applied for to the
qualifies for a specific permit).Department of Home Affairs.
In order to receive a visitors visa at the border (i.e.3. Exceptional/Extraordinary Skills permit - a foreigner
airport), the foreigner who is entering South Africa iswho possesses exceptional skills may obtain this
required to show a return ticket to the country of origintemporary residence permit. In order for a foreigner to
within 3 months (90 days) after arrival, if not, thequalify for this permit, the application for an Exceptional
officials at the borders are able to deny entry intoSkills permit must be accompanied by letters from
South Africa.foreign or South African organs of state or from an
- Study permitestablished South African academic, cultural, business
In South Africa, a foreigner who would like to study inbody confirming the exceptional skills of the applicant.
an educational institution would require a South AfricanWith these letters, any proof which substantiates the
study permit (temporary residency). There are 2claim to exceptional skills/qualifications must be
options for a study permit for the respectivesubmitted, such as testimonials from former employers,
foreigner(s):publications or dissertations are required.
The first option would be for foreign familiesThis exceptional skills permit is issued for a period of 1
immigrating to South African with children from the age- 5 years, at the Department's discretion concerning
6 to 16 (as all children from the age of 6 to 16 arethe exceptional skills. Permanent Residency is
required by law to attend schooling, therefore, requiringpermitted to be applied for under this category.
a South African study permit). If a child is young4. Intra-Company Transfer permits - a foreigner who is
enough to attend crèche, pre-school, etc,being relocated from a branch in the country of origin
provision may be made by the Department to issue ato a sister branch, subsidiary or affiliate in South Africa.
study permit to the child(ren), this is done with their ownThe holders of these permits are seen as a
discretion. These permits are issued to the length oftemporary recruitment options for the employer by the
the schooling period, the maximum period length of aDepartment of Home Affairs; therefore, these permits
study permit is 3 years and these permits can bewill only be issued for a maximum period of 2 years.
extended a number of times.- Corporate Permit
The second option would be for individual (stand alone)A Corporate permit is seen as a thread of a work
foreigners wishing to continue their studies in Southpermit, but is issued by the Department of Home
Africa (e.g. university, college, etc). These study permitsAffairs to South African based companies
are issued by the Department of Home Affairs to the(corporates) who wish to employ foreigners who may
applicant who has been "provisionally accepted" to atake up employment for the applicant for a limited time.
South African Registered Educational Institution. TheseThese permits also offer these companies the
study permits are issued to the length of the course;possibility to employ great numbers of employees
this is done with the Department's discretion and canabroad.
be extended is necessary.Due to South Africa's ever growing market, the
A person (foreign student), over the age of 16 years iscorporate permit enables the companies, an excellent
able to conduct work for 20 hours per week duringway to manage their human resources, as each
their term (semester) or when the workplace is aapplication is aimed at an individual work permit for a
learning institution on a South African study permit.predetermined number of required foreign employees,
- Business Permitswith this application, having to submit detailed job
Business permits are issued to foreigners who wish todescriptions, specific requirements and the proposed
operate a business in South Africa, whether it beremuneration in respect of each employee.
closed corporations, sole proprietors, etc. TheseThese are detailed and lengthy applications that require
permits are issued to those foreigners who wish tovast amounts of attention to detail. The Department
invest in an already established business or establishingissues corporate permits for a maximum period of 5
a new business.years. In order for an extension to be considered, the
In order to qualify for a business permit, the foreignercorporate companies have to appeal to the
must submit proof stating that they wish to invest orDepartment of Labour and Department of Trade and
have already invested an amount of (a) ZAR 2.5Industry that the positions they require are still in
million in cash in foreign currency, (b), a capitalshortage in South Africa.
contribution of at least ZAR 2.5 million or (c) at leastThere are a number of other permits that can be
ZAR 2.5 million in cash in foreign currency and a capitalapplied for, if the foreigner qualifies, but the most
contribution of ZAR 500,000 into the book value of thecommon South African permit options would be the
business in question, along with other substantialabove.
documentation proof (i.e. business plan).